Dalandan and Calamansi Alternative Fire Ant Killer
Thursday, March 13, 2014
Mariel Macaisa Reflection
Dalandan and Calamansi as an alternative insecticide
The purpose of our study is to promote an eco-friendly insecticide. Instead of using commercially made products we want to make an alternative. Our product is an efficient way to use the abundant resources in the Philippines. The dalandan peelings and calamansi extract will be used to formulate an insecticide. The household will make use of this because there are ants in our homes. They can be found anywhere in our homes. Using our product to them will benefit them.
Baygon costs too much, our product is the right thing to use because it is affordable. It contains harmful chemicals which can affect the households using it. Inhalation of the product can give bad side effects. Also, this can go through the skin and affect our whole body. Food shall be covered during the spraying because it is highly toxic. (Roy, 2003) The exposure of this causes cholinesterase inhibition of red blood cells with mild cholinergic symptoms including blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, sweating, and tachycardia. (United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2000)therefore they should use our product. It doesn't contain harmful chemicals. The ingredients we are doing to use is d-limonene. It is found in dalandan peelings and in calamansi extract. The farmers can use our product to lessen the use of insecticide. This is an eco-friendly product so it is safe for them to use. Their crops wouldn't contain any chemicals because our product is safe to use.
SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROPOSAL
Dalandan
(Citrus
aurantium Linn.)
Peelings and Calamansi (Citrofortunella
microcarpa) extract as an Alternative Fire Ant Killer
Lea Galvez
Mariel Macaisa
JD Rivera
John Ng
10D
DLSU
INTEGRATED SCHOOL
S.Y.
2013-2014
INTRODUCTION
The reason why the researcher chose
this study is to prevent the use of harmful chemicals from commercial
insecticide that can cause an imbalance in the eco system. This study will
provide low cost and all natural fire ant killer. They will test the
effectiveness of this natural fire ant killer by using dalandan peelings and
calamansi extract which both contains D-limonene.
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Defined
Research Question
Can dalandan peelings and calamansi
extract be an alternative fire ant killer?
Other
Questions
What is in dalandan peelings and
calamansi extract acts as a fire ant killer?
How can dalandan peelings and
calamansi extract kill fire ants?
HYPOTHESIS
Null
Hypothesis – the natural fire ant killer does not have any effect on the ants.
Alternative
Hypothesis - Baygon kills more than the natural fire ant killer.
SIGNIFICANCE
OF THE STUDY
It
will benefit the households by providing them with a low cost all natural fire
ant killers. It will also minimize the use of harmful insecticides that may
harm our health and environment. It changes the way dalandan peelings and
calamansi extract are viewed from garbage to innovation. These materials are
easily found turning it into a more productive output.
LIMITATIONS
OF THE STUDY
The extent of this study is it will
provide an alternative fire ant killer with the use of dalandan peelings and
calamansi extract. The experiment will be confined mainly on fire ants.
REVIEW
OF RELATED LITERATURE
Dalandan
(Citrus aurantium Linn)
Dalandan is a fruit that is described as a small, erect
tree with smooth, greenish white shoots with spine scent thorns. The fruit is
nearly spherical, 5 to 9 centimeters in diameter, the color of the skin of the
dalandan is orange red and tight, partitioned inside with yellowish juice
sacks. The taste is usually sweet but its occasionally sour. The dalandan are
known to be found throughout the Philippines which is always nearly planted,
warm in all countries and it's native of the old world. (Philippine Medicinal
Plants, 2013)
The other uses for alternative insecticides- Dalandan peelings mixed with pepper can actually be known to be an alternative use for insecticides. The mixture is refer to the 2 extracted ingredients is refers as the d-limonene the extracted from the peelings of the dalandan and capsaicin the extracted from the pepper. The D-limonene is shown to have limited effectiveness as an insecticide producing 27% mortality in japanese beetles which is indicated in the paper. Capsaicin has not likely been shown effectiveness for insectical activity, but it is shown to be added to the mixture to function to disperse current infestations and as an insect repellent. (Gupta & Krischik, 2007)
Calamansi
or calamondin (Citrofornella microcarpa)
Calamansi is well known in the Philippines. It is ususally used on juice that is commercially distributed. It is also used in adding flavor to the food. Other way that it is used as a cleaner. It is sometimes used as stain remover, bleach, body deodorant, and more. (City Agriculturist Office, 2012)
Calamansi is well known in the Philippines. It is ususally used on juice that is commercially distributed. It is also used in adding flavor to the food. Other way that it is used as a cleaner. It is sometimes used as stain remover, bleach, body deodorant, and more. (City Agriculturist Office, 2012)
A research wherein calamansi extract along with onion extract is an effective insecticide, mainly to roaches. Onion’s sulfenic acid, along with calamansi’s D-Limonene, stimulates sensory neurons, and eliminates the respiratory system’s wax coating. (Joligon, 2012)
Fire ants (Solenopsis spp)
Households often get annoyed to pests especially ants. It can bring
bacteria in our food. It can also harm our body by means of getting inside of
our body. The researchers is trying to pinpoint to find an affordable
alternative and an eco-friendly pesticide to eliminate pests mainly ants from
our homes. (Deriquito, 2002)
• Queens 15mm long.
• Workers 3–6mm long.
• Coppery–brown on the head
and body, with a darker abdomen.
• Solenopsis has a very
distinctive two–segment antennal club, which is most visible in the front view
of the female reproductive ant.
Habits
Fire ant workers eat and collect from dead animals, insects, food
(mainly sweet) and other similar things. Their mating seasons are between until
late summer. After the male ants finish reproducing with the queen, the males
die. Their nests or “mounds” can get as high as 40 cm. Ants can get aggressive
and inflict pain through stinging. The result is a reaction within the affected
area, almost like an allergic reaction. (Rentokill, 2014)
METHODOLOGY
MATERIALS:
- 6
kg dalandan
- 3
kg calamansi
- 1
cup of water
- Blender
- 3
Empty spray bottle
- Baygon-
used for control set up
- Pests
mainly ants (30 each set up)
PROCEDURE
Making the natural fire
ant killer
1. Put dalandan peelings into the blender and
the squeezed extract from calamansi
2. Blend
it for about 2 mins. to the highest level
3. Slightly add 1 tsp. of water depending on
the desired concentration level one at a time until it becomes liquid
4. Store it in an empty spray bottle. There you
have it a natural fire ant killer
Testing process
1. The researcher will have an experimental set
up which is the made product with different concentrations and a control set up
which is the baygon.
2. They will be having 30 fire ants in each set
up 1 spray in each treatment. They
will record the time the natural fire
ant killer can last.
3. After having so they will be observing the
set ups by counting the dead ants after 15 minutes and another for 30 mins .
4. The researchers will be repeating the steps
thrice . Applying it directly to fire ants and spraying it to specific spots
SOCIAL
IMPACT ANALYSIS
We want our
research to be helpful to households. Our positive consequence is to make an
eco-friendly affordable insecticide. Our negative consequence is it may cause
an in balance in the eco system especially of ants if proven effective. It will
terminate ants. We will ask our 10 respondents who used our natural fire ant killer
the following questions.
-Interview Questions
Does the pesticide spray from the dalandan peelings
affect us too?
How effective is the pesticide spray? Rate it 1-10 (10 as
the highest)
Is the pesticide spray from the dalandan peelings
poisonous?
Are the dalandan peelings really effective to pests?
Is this beneficial for the household?
People
can profit from our research because instead of using commercially made
products they can use the materials which our readily and easily found in our
homes. They can become resourceful citizens. They don’t have to spend much
money in this product. This product is practical that not only we will gain,
but also them. Especially to the household, they will surely benefit from this
research.
Items
|
Quantity
|
Unit
price
|
Amount
|
Dalandan
|
6 kilo
|
Php 30
|
Php 180
|
Calamansi
|
3 kilo
|
Php 30
|
Php 90
|
Baygon
|
1 spray bottle (small)
|
Php 200
|
Php 200
|
Items
|
Amount
|
Items that you can
sell which are products of research.
|
|
Natural pesticide
|
Php 30
|
COST=
REVENUE= NET INCOME=
DATA
ANALYSIS
This
study aims to interpret data approximately based on what the product will
benefit the households, specifically how effective the insecticide is. We will
compile and examine our data, measuring the death rate and recording the time
it will last. We will derive the data of the experiment, which will be done and
replicated 3 times. There are a total of 4 samples, each having the same number
of ants as the other. After the treatment has been applied, observation time
after time will be done. Recording the data will be based on the death rate of
the specimen inside. We will tally up everything, get the average deaths of all
the samples, get the middle values of all, and the frequent number of deaths
appearing in the data.
Number of dead ants for 15 mins
Treatments
|
1st
trial
|
2nd trial
|
3rd
trial
|
1.
baygon only
|
|||
2.
25 % concentrated with water
|
|||
3.
50% concentrated with water
|
|||
4.
100 % concentrated dalandan and calamansi extracts
|
Number of dead ants for 30 mins
Treatments
|
1st
trial
|
2nd
trial
|
3rd
trial
|
1.
baygon only
|
|||
2.
25 % concentrated with water
|
|||
3.
50% concentrated with water
|
|||
4.
100 % concentrated dalandan and calamansi extracts
|
WORK
PLAN OF STUDY
ACTIVITIES
|
JUN
|
JUL
|
AUG
|
SEP
|
OCT
|
NOV
|
DEC
|
JAN
|
FEB
|
MAR
|
Making
of dalandan and calamansi peelings extracta s insecticide
|
X
|
|||||||||
Applying
the made product to ants
|
X
|
|||||||||
Observing
the set ups
|
X
|
X
|
||||||||
Collecting
of data
|
X
|
X
|
||||||||
Interviewing
of respondents
|
X
|
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Joligon, L. (2012). The
Feasibility of Calamansi and Onion Extract As an Effective Cockroach Killer. Retrieved January 13, 2014, from http://lunajoligon19.blogspot.com/2012/03/feasibility-of-calamansi-and-onion.html
Gupta, G. &
Krischik, VA. (2007). Professional and Consumer Insecticides for Management of Adult Japanese Beetle on Hybrid Tea Rose.
Retrieved January 13, 2014
from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17598545ordinalpos=4&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17598545ordinalpos=4&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_RVDocSum
Rentokill (2014). Fire Ant. Retrieved March 12, 2014 from http://www.rentokil.com.ph/pest-guides/insects-and-spiders/ants/fire-ant/
Deriquito, V.(2002) Limonene in Dalandan Peels as Potential Ingredient in Ant Repellant Coating. Retrieved March 13, 2014 from http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/ShowSearchResult.php?s=2&f=&p=&x=&page=&sid=1&id=Limonene+in+dalandan+peels+as+potential+ingredient+in+ant+repellant+coating&Mtype=PROJECTS
City Agriculturist Office (2012). Calamansi. Retrieved March 13, 2014 from
http://stuartxchange.com/Dalandan.html
Deriquito, V.(2002) Limonene in Dalandan Peels as Potential Ingredient in Ant Repellant Coating. Retrieved March 13, 2014 from http://scinet.dost.gov.ph/union/ShowSearchResult.php?s=2&f=&p=&x=&page=&sid=1&id=Limonene+in+dalandan+peels+as+potential+ingredient+in+ant+repellant+coating&Mtype=PROJECTS
City Agriculturist Office (2012). Calamansi. Retrieved March 13, 2014 from
http://www.davaocity.gov.ph/agri/downloads/CALAMANSI20120217135311.pdf
http://stuartxchange.com/Dalandan.html
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